India is intensifying efforts to expand and modernize its naval capabilities amid increasing strategic competition with China in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and the broader Indo-Pacific. With growing concerns over Beijing’s maritime assertiveness and the presence of Chinese vessels in the IOR, the Indian Navy is focusing on enhancing its fleet strength, operational readiness, and maritime surveillance.
India’s naval buildup includes the induction of advanced platforms such as stealth frigates like INS Tushil, submarines, and state-of-the-art aircraft carriers like INS Vikrant, which recently became fully operational. The Navy is also investing in next-generation technologies, including autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), hypersonic missile systems, and advanced electronic warfare systems, to counter asymmetric threats and maintain a strategic edge.
Efforts are underway to strengthen maritime domain awareness through satellite-based surveillance and the deployment of P-8I Poseidon aircraft, bolstered by partnerships with nations like the United States, Japan, and Australia under the Quad alliance. Joint naval exercises, such as Malabar, have become central to fostering interoperability and demonstrating India’s growing influence in the region.
To complement its hardware advancements, the Indian Navy is emphasizing self-reliance under the ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative, with domestic shipyards playing a crucial role in building modern vessels and submarines. Projects like the indigenous aircraft carrier program and the next-generation destroyer and frigate projects highlight India’s commitment to developing a robust naval infrastructure.
India’s assertive naval strategy reflects its intent to safeguard its economic and strategic interests, secure critical sea lanes, and counterbalance China’s increasing footprint in the Indo-Pacific. By bolstering its naval power, India aims to not only ensure regional stability but also project itself as a key player in shaping the future of maritime security.
